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The grassland leafhopper genus Aconurella is widespread in the Old World. Species of this genus are difficult to identify by traditional morphological characters but the morphology-based species classification in this genus has not previously been tested using molecular data. This study analysed DNA sequence data from two mitochondrial genes (COI, 16S) and one nuclear gene (ITS2) to infer the phylogenetic relationships and status of five previously recognized Aconurella species and compare the performance of different molecular species-delimitation methods using single and multiple loci. The analysis divided the included haplotypes into five well-supported subclades, most corresponding to existing morphology-based species concepts. However, different molecular species delimitation methods (jMOTU, ABGD, bPTP, GMYC and BPP) yielded somewhat different results, suggesting the presence of between 4 and 8 species, sometimes lumping the haplotypes of Aconurella diplachnis and Aconurella sibirica into a single species or recognizing multiple putative species within Aconurella prolixa. Considering the different results yielded by various methods employing single loci, the BPP method, which combines data from multiple loci, may be more reliable for delimiting species of Aconurella. Our results suggest that the morphological characters previously used to identify these species are reliable and adequately reflect boundaries between genetically distinct taxa. 

A new genus of Deltocephalini Pascoia Duan gen. n. with P. rakitovi Duan sp. n. as type species is described and illustrated from the Andes Mountains in Peru. 

Six new species of Stenometopiini are described: Stirellus paracatalinus sp. nov. from Mexico, Stirellus lesioensis sp. nov. from Republic of Congo, Stirellus paralesioensis sp. nov. from South Africa, Stirellus kitwensis sp. nov. from Zambia, Stirellus madagascarensis sp. nov. from Madagascar, and Stirellus petfordensis sp. nov. from Australia. Ten species are redescribed: Kinonia elongata Ball, Stirellus catalinus (Beamer & Tuthill), Stirellus labiatus (Gillette), Stirellus mexicanus (Osborn & Ball), Stirellus picinus (Berg), Stirellus laetus (Melichar), Stirellus multipunctatus Duan, Webb & Zhang, Stirellus neospeciosus Duan, Webb & Zhang, Stirellus rubrolineatus (Distant), and Stirellus sagittarius (Naudé). Kinonia elongata Ball, S. catalinus (Beamer & Tuthill) and S. labiatus (Gillette), all described from the Southwestern USA, are recorded from Mexico for the first time. Stirellus picinus (Berg) is recorded from the Virgin Islands (Guana Island) for the first time. Stirellus laetus (Melichar), S. multipunctatus Duan, Webb & Zhang, S. neospeciosus Duan, Webb & Zhang, and S. rubrolineatus (Distant) are recorded from Thailand for the first time. 

Polyamia (Polyamia) choromorica sp. n., representing the first record of the genus Polyamia DeLong from South America, is described and illustrated. Previously described species of Polyamia DeLong appear to be restricted to North America. Color illustrations of Polyamia (Copolyamia) caperata (Ball), Polyamia (Copolyamia) similaris DeLong & Davidson and Polyamia (Polyamia) weedi Van Duzee are also provided for comparison. A species checklist and distribution summary for the genus is provided. Notes on other South American species of Deltocephalini with supernumerary forewing crossveins are also provided. 

A new leafhopper species, Maiestas serrata sp.n., is described and illustrated from Thailand. This represents the first record of the genus from Thailand. 

Two new genera and three new species of the leafhopper tribe Deltocephalini are described from Thailand, viz., Loeia Duan gen. n. with L. tamtipi Duan sp. n. as type species, Phetchabunia Duan gen. n. with P. janteabi Duan sp. n. as type species, and Maiestas subsirii Duan sp. n.. Five new country records for Thailand are also given, viz. Deltocephalus vulgaris Dash & Viraktamath, Maiestas dinghuensis Zhang & Duan, Maiestas scripta (Distant), Paramesodes sp., and Polyamia acicularis Dai, Xing & Li. 

The South American leafhopper genus Cortona is moved from Macrostelini to Deltocephalini and is reviewed. Its type species and four new species, C. catanachae sp. n., C. concordica sp. n., C. otamendiensis sp. n., and C. silvai sp. n., are illustrated and described from Argentina. A checklist and a key to species are provided. 

Mendozellus paralaredanus sp. n. from Uruguay and M. rakitovi sp. n. from Peru are described. M. asunctia Cheng is redescribed, the ovipositor is illustrated for the first time, and newly recorded from Argentina. M. serratus DeLong is transferred to Haldorus Oman based on the male genitalia structure, creating the new combination H. serratus (DeLong), comb. n. A checklist and key to species of Mendozellus are provided.